Philosophy of design 1760-1960
Living in a post modern world.
Modernise- to make something better.
New labour- Making labour new. Tate modern- New to the 21st century.
William Holman Hunt, (1851) The hirling shepherd (Considered modern int he day, not modernist).
Paris 1900 most modern country. Buildings revel in modernity, Eiffel tower created for exhibition to show off paris to the world.
Trottoir roullant- electric moving walkway, urbanisation. Factory work replaced rural work. Telegraph telephone inventions. Roads built 1912 worldtime standardised.
Process of rationality and reason. Enlightenment= period in late 18th century when scientific/ philosophical thinking made leaps and bounds.
Secularisation- world without religion
Eiffel tower emposing itself over paris.
Coulebotte 'Paris on a rainy day' 1877 modern streets. lamposts, inventions such as umbrellas.
old architecture of narrow streets and run down houses ripped out haussman (city architect) redesigns Paris. Large boulevards easier to police, controlled.
Dangerous elements of w.c are moved outside city centre. It becomes an expensive m.c upper class zone.
Class division between rich and poor flanneur- fashion becomes a status signifier. Lives revolve around work shifts- clocking on and off. Degas (1876) l'absinthe. Lady being left behind in time getting drunk because the world is so rubbish kaiserpanorama 1883- pay to look through and see slideshows of the world, landscapes even erotica. The lumiere brothers, first film going up and down the eiffel tower. Subjective experience the experience of the individual in the modern world 'modernism'
New York
flatrion building 1903 alfred stieglitz Paul citreon metropolis 1923 modernity multiple perspectives media becomes increased giacomo balla 1913 speed of a motor car.
Modernism in design
-Anti historicism attempt to be new , not repeating history
-truth to materials
-form follows function. blok buildings same amount of space
-technology
-internationalism everyone understands the sky scraper.
Anti historicism- no need to look backward to older styles. 'Ornament is crime' Adolf 100s
Bauhaus building- concrete walls- modern, no need to paint. Bauhaus logo designed in font futura- designed in the bauhaus.
New materials cocrete, new technologies of steel, plastics, aluminium, reinforced glass.
Internationalism
-A language of design that could be recognised and understood.
Herbert bayer san serif typeface argued to be in lower case.
Stanley morrison invented times new roman 1932 not modernist not international.
Conclusion.
The term modern is not a neutral term- it suggests novelty and improvement.
Modernity (1750- 1960) social and cultural experience
Modernism- The range of ideas and styles that sprang from modernity.
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